Relays/ Switches

2. A switch is a mechanical or electronic device used to interrupt or redirect the flow of electrical current. It typically consists of a lever, button, or toggle that, when activated, changes the state of the circuit from open to closed (or vice versa). Switches can be simple mechanical devices for manual control or electronic switches controlled by digital signals. They are fundamental components in circuits for turning devices on or off, changing circuit paths, and controlling operations in various electronic and electrical systems.A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific task in an embedded system. It combines a processor core, memory, and peripherals such as timers, serial communication interfaces, and analog-to-digital converters on a single chip. Microcontrollers are used in a wide range of applications, including automotive systems, industrial automation, consumer electronics, and IoT devices. They provide the computational power and control necessary to execute tasks autonomously, making them essential in modern electronics for interfacing with sensors, actuators, and other devices.